介词使用错误是改错题常见的错误类型之一。介词的用法是英语学习中的的一大难点，英语中有相当数量的动词短语、介词短语和固定短语都含有介词。尽管介词本身数量并不多，但是其搭配方式之丰富多变往往使英语考生为之色变。能否准确地运用介词可直接反映出考生的英语基础是否扎实，因此一般考试都会包括这种类型的错误。介词主要涉及用法与搭配，是短文改错中出现频率最高，也是我们最易失分的一类题型，要在这类题型的辨错及改错上有所突破，我们必须注意平时介词用法知识的积累。
为获得高分，在改错练习中，务必注意从以下几个方面辨认：①介词与动词的搭配，如： accuse sb. of ， charge sb. from ， prohibit sb. from ， differ from ， contribute to 等； ② 介词与名词的搭配，如： count on ， influence on/upon ， improve on ， belief/believe in ， confidence in ， advantage on ， preference over ， attitude to/toward ， solution to 等； ③ 介词与形容词的搭配，如： different from ， indifferent to/toward ， dependent on/upon ， independent of ， on good/bad terms with ， on the contrary ， by chance ， by turns 等。
例 1
The first necessity of child upbringing is a
secure emotional background with parents who
are united in their attitude with children. 1.__________
“ attitude toward ” 是表示 “ 对 …… 的态度 ” ，为固定用法，而没有 “ attitude with ” 的用法，因此应该将 with 改为 toward.
例 2
Unfortunately we have not found complete
solutions with the various problems of our 1.__________
society, such like poverty, homelessness or 2.__________
the growth of crime.
“ solution to problem ” 表示 “ 问题的解决办法 ” ，为固定搭配用法，因此应该将 with 改为介词 to ， “ such as ” 表示 “ 例如、诸如 ” 的意思，为固定搭配，因此应该将 like 改为 as 。
例 3
More and more people live in towns and cities
instead on farms and in villages. 1.__________
Instead 本身为副词，其后不可以直接接宾语，而应该在后面加上介词 of 。“ instead of ”表示“代替，不是……”的意思。
例 4
His Arab host, who had been watching, said
of nothing, but immediately copied the action of 1.__________
his guest.
动词 say 本身即为及物动词，后面可以直接接上宾语，因此不需要在后面加上介词 of 。这属于介词滥用情形，应该将 nothing 之前的 of 删去。
通过上述几个例子可以看出，介词的用法灵活多变，且许多为固定的用法或者搭配形式。要想真正克服这个拦路虎，我们需要在平时的学习过程中加以记忆和理解，逐步积累，才可以更好的掌握其用法。
练习题
1 People realize that, although animals may not have
the same intelligence like human being, they are smart 1.__________
enough to learn certain things.
2 Marconi, the Italian inventor who gave us radio,
probably didn’t realize what effect his great invention
would have for the world in the yours to come. 2.__________
3 Before you make travel in another country, find
out much as possible about its manners and customs. 3.__________
You will probably be surprised how different they
can be with your own. 4.__________
4 We are told that the world’s population is increasing
with such a speed that the need for fresh water will be 5.__________
doubled by the end of the century.
5 Immediately before him was a very flat piece
of bread that looked to him, very much as napkin. 6.__________
6 It is encouraging to note that in recent years,
cigarette smokers have been in the decline, especially 7.__________
among the older people.
7 In 1980 black students comprised of about 10 8.__________
percent of all college enrollments, up from 5 percent
in 1965.
8 The law I am referring requires that everyone who 9.__________
own a car have accident insurance.
9 But perhaps we should look at both sides of the
coin before arriving hasty conclusions. 10.__________
10 Big cities of the world are well-known by their 11.__________
noises.
答案解析：
1.将like改为as。
2.将for改为on或者upon。和前面的名词effect搭配的介词为on或者upon，意为“对……的影响，对……的作用”。类似的词组还有impact on/upon（对……的影响或冲击），influence on/upon（对……有影响）等。
3.在much之前加上介词as。
4.将with改为from。
5.将with改为at。当表示速度的时候应该使用“at the speed of”或者“at…speed”，“with…speed”没有这个用法。
6.将as改为like。此处的“to him”仅为一个插入语，原句的顺序可以理解为“that looked very much like a napkin to him”。
7.将in改为on。“on the decline”表示“下降，减少”的意思，为固定搭配用法。
8.删去of。此处comprise虽然与consist，compose意义相同，但是使用方法却不一样。Comprise为及物动词，后面不需要接介词，consist后面要加介词of，而compose一般使用be composed of的形式。
9.在referring后面加上介词to。
10.在arriving后面加上at。
11.将by改为for。“be known for”表示“因为……而出名，以……闻名”之意。而“be known by”是指“被……知道”的意思。
相关阅读:英语六级考试改错题训练汇总
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