除了上一章的并列结构,英语长句中另一个常用结构就是插入结构。插入结构是在一个句子中某两个句子成分之间,如主谓,谓宾,定语和受定语等之间插入一个从句,短语或单词以对原来句子所表达的内容进行补充、添加、限定和说明。有时一个句子会有多个从句,分词短语等存在,再加上插入成分,就会使得句子结构显得很复杂,不易分清各部分得成分,而造成阅读上得障碍。插入成分最明显得标志是用逗号与主句隔开。但有时由于多种句子成分的存在,句子中会使用多个逗号,分号,从而导致插入得成分不易一眼看出,以至出现理解错误。本章我们就集中辨析这一类结构得句子。
Exercise
Ideally then, a school system should be one in which the love of learning, rather than the acquisition of facts , is cultivated.
Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby , would be on an island 885 miles away.
Yet this other life has its interests, its enjoyments, its satisfaction, and , at certain rare intervals, a peaceful glow or a sudden excitement.
要点:one 后面有一个in which 引导得定语从句,其中rather than the acquisition of facts是插入语,可以看成是主语the love of learning的并列成分
参考译文:因此,理想的教育制度应该是培养学生酷爱学习,而不是获得实际的东西
要点:虚拟条件句“if anything ……885 miles away.”是thinking的宾语从句,作thinking的宾语。在这个虚拟条件句的主句中,主语和谓语之间插入了一个条件状语从句“unless there was a ship nearby”,使得主谓分离。
参考译文:他仍禁不住寻思起来,要是果发生什么意外,如果附近连一条船也没有,他用无线电能联系上得最近得人远在885英里以外得岛上。
要点:句中 interests, enjoyments, satisfaction, glow和excitement共五哥并列成分,皆作宾语。 At certain rare intervals为插入语,意为“间或,偶尔”。
参考译文:然而这另一种生活也有它的趣味,欢乐和满足,并间或有一种宁静得喜悦或一阵突发得激动。
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